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Women and video games
The relationship between women and video games has received extensive academic, corporate, and social attention. Since the 1990s,〔 female gamers have commonly been regarded as a minority, but industry surveys have shown that in time the gender ratio has become closer to equal and since the 2010s females have been found to make up about half of all gamers. Sexism in video gaming, including sexual harassment and the underrepresentation of women as characters in games, is an increasing topic of discussion in video game culture.
Advocates for increasing the number of female gamers stress the problems attending disenfranchisement of females from one of the fastest-growing cultural realms as well as the largely untapped nature of the female gamer market. Efforts to include greater female participation in the medium have addressed the problems of gendered advertising, social stereotyping, and the lack of female video game creators (coders, developers, producers, etc.). The term "girl gamer" has been used as a reappropriated term for female players to describe themselves, but it has also been criticized as counterproductive or offensive.
== Demographics of female players ==
From the earliest years of demographic data collection targeting female gamers, females have represented a minority of gamers. Having tracked these industry figures for decades, some reporting groups now show the ratio of female to male gamers to be growing closer and closer to the ratio of females to males in the population at large. In 2008, a Pew Internet & American Life Project study found that among teens, 65% of males and 35% of females describe themselves as daily gamers. This trend was found to be stronger the younger the age group. The study found that while adult men are significantly more likely to play console games than adult women, for all other platforms men and women were statistically equally likely to play. However, in 2015 another Pew study found that more American women (42%) than men (37%) owned video game consoles.
In 2013, ''Variety'' reported that seventy percent of females between 12 and 24 years of age played games.〔 The same article stated that sixty-one percent of females between 45 and 64 years of age played games, while only 57% of males in the same age group played games.〔 In 2013, Nintendo claimed that 50% of its users were female. A study by the Entertainment Software Association found the proportion of players in the United States who are female increased from 40% in 2010 to 48% in 2014.〔http://www.wsj.com/articles/gaming-no-longer-a-mans-world-1408464249〕〔http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/08/22/adult-women-gamers-outnumber-teenage-boys/〕 In August 2014, UKIE published the results of a survey indicating that 45% of UK gamers are female.〔"(UK Video Games Fact Sheet )." ''The Association for UK Interactive Entertainment''. 29 August 2014.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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